As a precision mechanical component, the surface treatment and maintenance of the lead screw are directly related to its service life and working accuracy. The following are common surface treatment methods and maintenance recommendations for screws:
1. Surface treatment of screws
Heat treatment (such as quenching and tempering):
Purpose: To improve the hardness, wear resistance and strength of the lead screw, and ensure its stability in long-term use.
Process: Usually local quenching treatment is used to make the working surface of the lead screw reach the required hardness, prevent wear, and improve its load-bearing capacity.
Surface spraying/plating treatment:
Galvanizing/chrome plating: To prevent corrosion on the surface of the lead screw, especially in a humid environment, galvanizing or chrome plating can effectively improve its corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
Nitriding treatment: A hardened layer is formed through nitriding treatment to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the lead screw surface, and to increase the surface hardness.
Rolling or rolling:
Purpose: Through rolling treatment, the surface finish of the lead screw can be improved, friction can be reduced, transmission efficiency can be improved, and service life can be extended.
Process: Use a roller burnishing machine to roll the surface of the screw to make it smooth and scratch-free, reducing friction loss.
Black oxidation:
Purpose: Improve the surface oxidation resistance and reduce wear.
Process: A protective film is formed on the surface of the screw through oxidation treatment, which is often used in anti-corrosion environments with lower requirements.
2. Maintenance of the screw
Regular cleaning:
Remove dust, oil, iron filings and other impurities on the screw surface regularly to prevent debris from entering the thread and bearing area, resulting in increased friction or aggravated wear.
Use special cleaning agents and soft cloth to wipe, and do not use hard objects to scratch to avoid scratching the surface.
Regular lubrication:
Use appropriate lubricating oil or grease to lubricate the screw to reduce friction and extend service life. The lubricating oil should be replaced regularly to prevent the oil from deteriorating and affecting the lubrication effect.
For high-precision screws, it is recommended to use high-quality synthetic oil or special lubricating oil.
Prevent overload:
The load of the screw should be kept within its rated working range to avoid overload. Excessive load will cause deformation of the screw, accelerated wear, and even damage.
Prevent corrosion:
When storing the screw, avoid humid environments to prevent rust or corrosion on the surface.
For screws exposed to corrosive environments, anti-corrosion grease or spray anti-corrosion coating is required.
Regular inspection and maintenance:
Regularly check whether the thread, surface coating, connecting parts and bearings of the screw are intact to ensure their normal operation.
When an abnormality is found, timely adjustments or replacement of damaged parts should be made to avoid affecting the accuracy and safety of the mechanical system.
The maintenance of the screw should be adjusted according to the actual working environment and usage. Regular cleaning, lubrication and inspection are the key to ensuring the efficient and long-life operation of the screw. Through reasonable maintenance and timely inspection, the working stability and accuracy of the screw can be significantly improved, and its service life can be extended.
